Labels can help you shop more sustainably, but only if you know what each one covers. Here is a quick guide to the ones you will see most often in the UK.
GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard)
GOTS covers organic fibres and also sets environmental and social rules for processing, such as dyeing and manufacturing. Products can carry a label showing the organic content, so check the wording rather than assuming everything in the garment is organic.
OEKO-TEX Standard 100
This tests the finished textile for harmful substances. It is useful for skin contact items like underwear and baby clothes, but it does not mean the fibre is organic or that workers were treated well.
Fairtrade
Fairtrade focuses on farmers and workers, including fairer prices and better conditions. It tells you about people more than about chemicals or processing.
How to use labels sensibly
- Look for the certification number and check the certifier’s website if in doubt.
- Remember each label covers something different, so no single label tells the whole story.
- Be cautious of vague claims such as “eco” or “green” with no certification behind them. See our guide to greenwashing in fashion.
Certifications are a helpful starting point, but buying fewer, better pieces and wearing them for longer matters just as much. If you are building a lasting wardrobe, our capsule wardrobe guide is a good next read.
